Abstract
This paper examines the evolving role of artificial intelligence (AI) in armed conflict and
its implications under International Humanitarian Law (IHL). As militaries increasingly
feature AI technologies into warfare, questions arise regarding the applicability of IHL
principles—such as distinction, proportionality, and necessity—to autonomous systems.
While AI has the potential to enhance operational efficacy and improve targeting
accuracy, it also poses significant challenges, including issues of responsibility, ethical
considerations, and the risk of unlawful attacks on civilians. The impact of AI on armed
conflict necessitates careful scrutiny to ensure compliance with humanitarian standards.
Prospective developments in AI warfare underscore the urgent need for robust legal
frameworks that adapt to technological advancements while safeguarding human rights.
This analysis highlights the necessity for comprehensive legal reviews to address the
complications of AI in military operations, ensuring that humanitarian principles remain
central to the conduct of armed conflict. Ultimately, ongoing dialogue among legal
experts, military leaders, and ethicists is essential to navigate the implications of AI
technologies, promoting responsible use in alignment with IHL.
its implications under International Humanitarian Law (IHL). As militaries increasingly
feature AI technologies into warfare, questions arise regarding the applicability of IHL
principles—such as distinction, proportionality, and necessity—to autonomous systems.
While AI has the potential to enhance operational efficacy and improve targeting
accuracy, it also poses significant challenges, including issues of responsibility, ethical
considerations, and the risk of unlawful attacks on civilians. The impact of AI on armed
conflict necessitates careful scrutiny to ensure compliance with humanitarian standards.
Prospective developments in AI warfare underscore the urgent need for robust legal
frameworks that adapt to technological advancements while safeguarding human rights.
This analysis highlights the necessity for comprehensive legal reviews to address the
complications of AI in military operations, ensuring that humanitarian principles remain
central to the conduct of armed conflict. Ultimately, ongoing dialogue among legal
experts, military leaders, and ethicists is essential to navigate the implications of AI
technologies, promoting responsible use in alignment with IHL.
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence
State Liability
Combatants
Prisoners of war and International Humanitarian Law.
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